Car skidding on ice: how to regain control?

Skidding on ice can happen in an instant, but the right response can help you regain control and avoid a crash. This guide explains what to do and what not to do when your car starts to slide.

What is happening

A skid occurs when your tires lose traction with the road surface. On ice, even a thin layer can drastically reduce grip, causing the car to slide sideways or continue forward while you steer. There are two main types: understeer (front tires lose grip and the car plows forward) and oversteer (rear tires lose grip and the car spins).

Emergency warning

If you are in immediate danger, call your local emergency services. If the car is uncontrollable and you are heading toward a collision, brace yourself and prepare for impact. Do not attempt to exit a moving vehicle.

What to do first

1. Stay calm and look where you want to go. Your hands follow your eyes. Aim for a safe path, not at the obstacle.
2. Ease off the accelerator. Lifting off the gas helps transfer weight and allows the tires to regain grip. Do not slam on the brakes.
3. Steer smoothly in the direction you want the front of the car to go. For understeer, straighten the wheel slightly to let the front tires regain grip, then steer where you want to go. For oversteer, steer into the skid (turn the wheel in the direction the rear is sliding).
4. Brake correctly. If your car has anti-lock brakes (ABS), apply firm, continuous pressure and steer. If you do not have ABS, gently pump the brakes to avoid locking the wheels.
5. Once the car straightens, gently resume control. Avoid abrupt inputs that could trigger another skid.

What NOT to do

• Do not slam on the brakes. This can lock the wheels and worsen the skid.
• Do not jerk the steering wheel. Smooth, deliberate inputs are key.
• Do not accelerate. Power to the wheels reduces grip further.
• Do not stare at the hazard. Look at your escape path.
• Do not overcorrect. Once the car straightens, ease off the steering to avoid a skid in the opposite direction.

When to call for help

If you cannot regain control and a collision occurs, or if you end up stuck in a dangerous location (e.g., in the path of traffic), call emergency services immediately. If you are uninjured but stranded, contact roadside assistance or a recovery service.

What to monitor

After a skid, check your surroundings for other vehicles and hazards. Once stopped in a safe place, inspect your tires and vehicle for damage. If you notice any steering or braking issues, have the car checked by a professional before driving further.

How to prevent it

• Reduce speed on ice and snow. Drive smoothly and avoid sudden maneuvers.
• Ensure your tires are properly inflated and have adequate tread. Consider winter tires in cold climates.
• Increase following distance to allow more time to react.
• If conditions are severe, avoid driving unless necessary.

Remember: the best way to handle a skid is to avoid one. Stay alert and adjust your driving to the conditions. This information is general and not a substitute for professional driving instruction or emergency advice. In an emergency, call your local emergency services.