Child having an asthma attack at school: what to do?

Asthma attacks can happen suddenly and be frightening for a child and everyone around them. Knowing the right steps can save a life. This guide explains what to do if a child has an asthma attack at school.

What is happening

During an asthma attack, the airways narrow and become inflamed, making it hard to breathe. Common triggers include exercise, cold air, allergens, or respiratory infections. Quick action with a reliever inhaler can reverse the attack.

Emergency warning

Call local emergency services immediately if the child is struggling to breathe, cannot speak in full sentences, has blue or grey lips, is exhausted, or is not improving after using their inhaler.

What to do first

1. Stay calm and reassure the child. Help them sit upright and slightly forward. Do not make them lie down.
2. Help them use their reliever inhaler (usually blue). Shake the inhaler and use a spacer if available. Give 2 puffs, one at a time, with 30-60 seconds between puffs. Have the child breathe slowly and deeply.
3. If there is no improvement after 2 puffs, give 2 more puffs and call emergency services.
4. Keep the child calm and monitor their breathing until help arrives. Loosen tight clothing.
5. If the child has an asthma action plan, follow it. It may specify different steps or medications.

What NOT to do

• Do not leave the child alone.
• Do not make them lie down.
• Do not give any medication other than their prescribed reliever inhaler.
• Do not delay calling for help if symptoms are severe.

When to call for help

Call emergency services if:

• The child is gasping for air or cannot speak.
• Their lips or fingernails turn blue or grey.
• They are very drowsy or confused.
• They do not improve after using their inhaler.
• You are unsure how severe the attack is.

What to monitor

Watch for signs of improvement: easier breathing, less coughing, and ability to speak. If symptoms worsen or do not improve, seek emergency help immediately.

How to prevent future attacks

• Ensure the child has a written asthma action plan at school.
• Keep a reliever inhaler and spacer accessible at all times.
• Inform teachers and staff about the child's asthma and triggers.
• Encourage the child to take preventer medication as prescribed.

After an attack, the child should see their doctor to review their asthma control. This information is general and not a substitute for professional medical advice. In an emergency, call local emergency services.