An overheating engine is a common problem that can lead to costly damage if not handled correctly. Knowing what to do can protect your vehicle and keep you safe.

What is happening?

Overheating occurs when your engine's cooling system cannot dissipate heat effectively. Common causes include low coolant, a faulty thermostat, a broken water pump, a clogged radiator, or a cooling fan failure. The temperature gauge may rise into the red zone, and you might see steam or smell coolant.

Emergency warning

If you see steam or smoke coming from under the hood, pull over immediately and turn off the engine. Do not continue driving. Overheating can lead to a fire or severe engine damage.

What to do first

Pull over safely: Turn on your hazard lights and move to the shoulder or a safe spot away from traffic.
Turn off the engine: Shut off the engine to stop heat generation.
Turn off the A/C and turn on the heater: This helps draw heat away from the engine. (You may feel hot air in the cabin, but it's temporary.)
Do not open the hood immediately: Wait for the engine to cool. Opening the hood too soon can expose you to steam or hot fluids.
Wait for the engine to cool: Let it cool for at least 30 minutes before attempting to check anything.

What NOT to do

Never open the radiator cap while the engine is hot: Pressurized hot coolant can spray out and cause severe burns.
Do not pour cold water on a hot engine: This can crack the engine block or damage components.
Do not continue driving: Driving with an overheated engine can cause catastrophic damage.
Do not touch hot engine parts: Allow everything to cool before inspecting.

When to call for help

Call for roadside assistance or a tow truck if:

You see steam or smoke.
The temperature gauge is in the red zone.
You smell coolant or see leaks.
You are unsure of what to do.

If you are on a busy highway, stay in your vehicle with your seatbelt on and call for help. Do not stand outside the vehicle.

What to monitor after cooling

Once the engine is cool, you can check the coolant level in the reservoir (not the radiator). If it is low, add a 50/50 mix of coolant and water (or pre-mixed coolant) according to your owner's manual. If the coolant is frequently low, there may be a leak that requires professional repair.

How to prevent overheating

Check coolant level regularly.
Inspect hoses and belts for wear.
Flush the cooling system as recommended by the manufacturer.
Keep the radiator fins clean and free of debris.
Use the correct coolant type for your vehicle.

If your car overheats, prioritize safety: pull over, turn off the engine, and wait for it to cool. When in doubt, call for professional help. Regular maintenance is the best way to prevent overheating.

This information is for general guidance only. Always consult your vehicle's owner manual or a qualified mechanic for specific advice.

Car overheating: what to do?

Immediate actions

What not to do / warning